Travel to Lebanon

Travel Tour to Lebanon

Tourism culture and History travel tour in Lebanon

Once considered the Paris of the East, Lebanon has disappeared from the tourist map at the start of the civil war in 1975. At present, and gradually, is consolidating the view that not only is feasible to travel to Lebanon, but also can be done without major complications. Lebanon has many attractions within its modest borders: ancient cities, relics of the Roman Empire, luxurious ski resorts, great places and samples of Islamic architecture. Also has a complex culture, and this is their social and religious diversity, as the supporters of other nations' cultural homogeneity, it is impossible to avoid social instability. Unfortunately, in this case, Lebanon has given the reason.

The few foreigners who come to these lands today are in accordance with the profile of the wealthy tourists who hired a package tour. Although not many independent travelers, are welcome. The Lebanese are known for their genuine hospitality, and we invite strangers to their homes. For those interested in the history of this region and to witness how this country tries to overcome the crisis, it becomes the most appropriate time to visit.

best time to Lebanon travel

For lovers of sun, summer, between June and mid September, is the ideal season to visit Lebanon. During this period, the weather tends to stay warm and dry, with the exception of the coastal plain, where there is moisture. Surprisingly, Lebanon is becoming an increasingly popular destination for lovers of winter sports (comes with several ski resorts). The season to play the sport runs from December to May. During the past month, the weather on the coast has reached sufficient levels of warmth for a dip, and the fields have already blossomed. Hopefully, we can take this season for skiing, sunbathing on the beach and to enjoy fresh flowers in the hotel room. Autumn also offers beautiful scenery in October and has referred the summer and hot flush is a good time to visit the nation

Lebanon Holidays and festival

Most national holidays are religious, and with the variety of religious groups that coexist within the same borders, if there is any occasion to celebrate. The main Islamic holidays follow the lunar calendar of the Hegira, which has eleven days less than the West, so the holidays are ahead eleven days annually. Among the most important events include the Ras as-Sana (New Year's Day), the Achour, Public Mourning Day which are Muslims and Shiites commemorating the assassination of the grandson of Muhammad, and Radames, a month in which believers fast from dawn to dusk. The celebration ends with the great feast Eid al-Fitr. The day of the patron saint of the Maronites, Mar Maroun, is celebrated on February 9, and the Christian celebrations of Holy Week takes place twice: the first, according to the Gregorian calendar and the second, according to the schedule of eastern Christian churches. Among the secular holidays include Independence Day (November 22) and the Day of Qana (April 18), which recalls the massacre that occurred at Qana in 1996, where 107 Lebanese civilians were killed after the Israeli bombing of a camp of the UN. A more cheerful note is in the hands of the internationally famous Baalbek Festival of the Arts in July

places and attraction to travel in Lebanon

Beirut

Formerly known as the Paris of the East, Beirut was a strong punishment for the 16 years of war in Lebanon. The city has not yet recovered, nor of the bombings, or the massive influx of refugees, therefore, many newcomers are shocked at the destruction, reconstruction, crowding and chaos exist. Located in the heart of the Mediterranean shores of Lebanon, Beirut reflects all kinds of contrasts: of buildings together with exquisite architecture grotesque mass of cement houses and gardens of fragrant jasmine survive, dwarfed in the shadow of modern buildings and old born winding alleys of broad avenues and modern ostentatious cars compete with trucks on the street vendors. Although not much remains to be seen, they are still vibrant and unique charm.

In the district of Hamra, in the northwest of the city, are banks, hotels, cafeterias and post office, this area lends itself to view windows and soak the atmosphere of the city. North of Hamra, the American University of Beirut has a museum of archeology, although not as spectacular as the National Museum, reopened in 1999 after a period of reconstruction. His collection of Phoenician statuettes is particularly interesting. In East Beirut, a splendid villa of the nineteenth century, Italian style, is home to elegant Sursock Museum, which offers exhibitions of Turkish silverware, icons and contemporary art in Lebanon and that also has a small but attractive library.

A visit to the Beirut Central District (known as Downtown) allow the traveler to get a rough idea of what these people suffered during the war. Portions of this area is being restored, others have been demolished with bulldozers or converted into an apocalyptic landscape of bullets erupted. Martyrs Square, the center of the district was almost entirely demolished (only touching the standing statue of the Martyrs), a huge poster showing the project to be carried out in this place. Omari mosque, also known as the Grand Mosque, is one of the few historic buildings are preserved: Originally built as a church of the Crusaders in the Byzantine period, was converted into a mosque in 1291.

The cave of the Doves is the most famous natural attraction in the capital. These arches of rock emerging from the sea becomes a supplement to the beautiful cliffs of the coast of Beirut, and the inhabitants of the city that usually meet in the enclave to admire the sunset and stay away from noisy traffic. It is also delightful stroll along the Corniche, the path that runs along the coast, and breathe the sea air, have a coffee served at the back of a van or try any food exposed in the carts of street vendors.
Byblos

On the coast, some 40 km north of Beirut, is the ancient Byblos, one of the oldest inhabited cities in the world. In fact, its origins date back to Neolithic times, about seven thousand years. During the third millennium BC, this city became the most important commercial port in the area, starting point of sending in cedar oil to Egypt. Until the tenth century BC, Byblos was the major center of Phoenician culture, and there developed a phonetic alphabet, the precursor of the modern world of alphabets. Successively invaded by Persians, Alexander the Great, Romans, Byzantines and Arabs, Byblos finally fell into oblivion after being taken, and subsequently abandoned by the Crusaders.

Before the civil war, Byblos was an obligatory stop for the jet set, and both the port and its picturesque historic Old Town remains in good condition. To reach the ruins, south of the old city, must pass through the remains of a Crusader castle, which overlooks the medieval walls of the city. From this point you can see the remains of huts dating from the fifth millennium BC, the temple Baalat Gebal, 2800 BC, an L-shaped temple built around 2700 BC, two royal tombs and a temple at the beginning of the second millennium BC in addition to a Roman amphitheater.

Another attraction is to discover the Wax Museum, which retraces the history of the country through a series of scenes somewhat strange and sometimes even grim. Close to the cultural institution, is the church of San Juan, built by the Crusaders. In addition, Byblos has a souq (market) very lively and has an attractive beach with some underwater ruins. While only has a couple of hotels, eating establishments abound.
Tripoli

Located 86 km north of Beirut, Tripoli stands as the second city in number of inhabitants in Lebanon, in addition to being the main port and commercial center in the north. While more modern than the rest of Lebanese people, their appeal lies in its medieval history and architecture Mameluk. The city survived the civil war in better shape than most cities in the nation, and still retains the charm Arabic, with its narrow alleys, its souqs, a gentle pace of life and friendly people. Tripoli is famous also for being the sweet capital of Lebanon, and a trip to this town detract incomplete without a visit to one of their shops sticky sweet and succulent.

The city has two major areas: Al-Mina (port), which enters the sea and the city itself. In the center is Sahet et-Tall, a great place where travelers will find the bus station, restaurants and accommodation. The ancient city extends eastward, forming a maze of narrow alleys, bustling souqs, hammams or Turkish baths, khans, mosques and madrasas (theological schools). In this bustling enclave, artisans working in the same way as from the fourteenth century. This location also has beautiful architecture Mameluk, including the mosque Taynal of the fourteenth century, the Madrasa Qartawiyya intricate and mihrab (niche) of the mosque and madrassa Burtasiya.

Originally built by the Crusaders in 1103, the Citadel of Saint Gilles-dominated Tripoli. Severely damaged by fire in the thirteenth century, was partially rebuilt in the XIV and has since been amended several times, but retains its original splendor. In al-Mina, it is worth visiting the Tower of Leon, which is preserved only example of a group of structures built by the Mamluks to defend the city.
Tire

The former Tire, located on the southern coast of Lebanon was founded by the Phoenicians in the third millennium BC In its origins, Tire was a village on land and a town on an island in the ninth century BC, under the mandate of Hiram, the island was connected to the mainland by a narrow road. In the fourth century, when the troops arrived Alexandrian, cut the old road and built a sort of pier or breakwater. As the spring had larger than the old road, the island became a peninsula. At the time of the Phoenicians, was famous for its Tire industries purple dye manufacturing and glass objects, at present, is known for its Roman ruins.

The old town is located on the peninsula, the modern is located inland. To the south, rise the relics of the Roman Tire. Among the Roman ruins are well preserved for a road that crosses a monumental arch. In one of its sides is bordered by an aqueduct, and both sides are erected hundreds of sarcophagi adorned with marble and stone inscriptions complex. The racecourse was built in the second century AD, is the largest and best preserved of the planet, and his remains were celebrating a festival each summer. As Shooting is only 20 km north of the border with Israel, it is possible that in situations of conflict, the surrounding area will attract the attention of Israeli artillery. It is advisable to avoid the area if tensions are emerging, but at other times not considered dangerous to visit

Bcharré

Bcharré and the route to Los Cedros, about 30 km inland from Tripoli, is experiencing some of the most beautiful landscapes of Lebanon. The road follows the foothills of the mountains and on steep climbs meandering and spectacular gorges. Populations of houses with roofs of red tiles appear on the hill or hanging precariously on the slopes, and each curve is a glimmer panorama of olive groves, vineyards, lush valleys and mountain peaks.

In Bcharré is Gibran Museum. Renowned writer and artist Khalil Gibran was born in this township, and was buried in a former monastery that overlooks the town. The museum houses a large collection of oil paintings, gouaches and drawings by Gibran, in addition to many of his manuscripts. You can also visit his grave in the former chapel of the monastery, in the same room were placed a chair, a table, and other objects belonging to it.

Bcharré north of the road continues its ascent up what is known as Arz Ar-rab (the Cedars of God), the latest biblical cedar forest that survives in Lebanese territory. This is a small grove in the past cedars grew throughout the land, but this appeal was abused. Some of these trees date back fifteen hundred years, and the place was declared a National Monument. Bcharré below, in the spectacular gorge Qadis lie the graves of the first Maronite Patriarch, as well as some monasteries carved into the stone. This narrow passage between the mountains is a paradise for those who engage in hiking, and can travel up and down.
Baalbek

Baalbek, 86 km northeast of Beirut, was named in honor of the Phoenician god Baal. The Greeks renamed Heliopolis, and later the Romans used it as a center of worship of Jupiter. Baalbek then appeared as the most important city of Roman Syria. In more recent times, set based Hezbollah, Islamic fundamentalists who oppose the West, and it was in 1999 when the population has reopened its doors to tourism. While the modern city is very small, its Roman remains make up probably the richest archaeological zone of Lebanon.

The temple complex of Baalbek is one of the largest in the world. It measures about 300 m long and has two porches with temples, two courtyards and a hall built during the Arab period. The temple of Jupiter, completed around the year 60 AD, the culmination of a high platform to be located on an impressive staircase, only six of its huge columns (22 m) was still standing, which is enough to get an idea of the scale of original building. In the surroundings, the temple of Bacchus, built around the year 150 AD, is in a good state of preservation. Away from the main area is the exquisite little temple of Venus, a beautiful circular building with striated columns.
Zahle

About 40 km from Beirut, to the interior is Zahle, a peaceful and attractive holiday with the steep riverbank Birdawni. In the upper part of the population along the river, is located dozens of outdoor restaurants to visit during summer, both its residents and visitors who came from Beirut who wish to enjoy one of the best kitchens in Lebanon. Zahl appears as the best place to savor the arak, a kind of cognac flavored with aniseed, which is produced with the remnants of fermented wine. Alcohol is a pure and transparent, that drunk quickly, but, fortunately, does not produce a hangover. After a few drinks, it seems even drinkable.
Beiteddine

About 50 km southeast of Beirut, is Beiteddine (House of Faith), whose name refers both to the people and the magnificent palace, perched on a hill 850 m high, seems to emerge from a fairy tale , an exquisite fancy of Italian elegance Scherezade interpreted (the architects, in fact, were Italian). In 1788 construction was begun, not completed until thirty years later, during that period, the emir Bashir, Ottoman governor, was responsible for overseeing the building of a monument that would reflect the power and the glory of his kingdom.

Beiteddine visitors appreciate the vein of self-worshiping the Ottomans, as a legacy of the best examples of the existing nineteenth-century Lebanese architecture. Even the Israeli invasion destroyed this building, although it is felt that they lost 90% of the unique and valuable objects it contained. His greatness is reflected in its three main gardens, the huge domed stables, small museums, guest rooms, fountains, the portico of marble marquetry, the richly decorated hammams (Turkish baths) dotted around the complex and its collection of Byzantine mosaics. Many of the pottery belonged to the ancient city of Porfirión, from which they were removed for safekeeping in the palace during the war. This collection is considered one of the most spectacular in the Eastern Mediterranean, and even the planet.

During July and August, is celebrated in the town where a festival is an eclectic mix of musicians, singers, dancers and actors in Arab and international

Lebanon activities

The mountains and gorges of Lebanon offers fantastic opportunities for hiking. Since, in general, distances are relatively short, the traveler will not find what you want to encounter any problems with a population where an overnight stay. In Lebanon, there are six major ski resorts, with slopes of different difficulty levels. In providing all the rental equipment at a reasonable price.
In short the Lebanese coast sandy beaches, usually those who want to go swimming to water from the rocks or platforms built in the docks. The beaches are more prized in the South, south of Tire also be accepted that are in the vicinity of Byblos and Chekka, near Tripoli. The areas for soaking the rocks tend to be among the most suitable for scuba diving with a pipe, are also very popular water skiing, windsurfing and sailing.

History of Lebanon

The abundance of natural resources and favorable promontories to port facilities on the coast, along with the possibilities offered by its defensive Highlands, have attracted the Lebanon-biblical land of milk and honey-countless conquerors. In fact, the history of this nation includes a number of opportunistic thieves and charlatans.

The first inhabitants arrived at the Lebanese coast by the year 10,000 BC, some seven thousand years later, their village had been transformed into prototype cities. Around 2500 BC, the coast had been colonized by Phoenician settlers, who later became one of the first great civilizations of the Mediterranean. The Phoenicians never unified politically: its prosperity was based on the outcome of their commercial skill and intellectual effort that stemmed from various city-states. Besides mastering the seas thanks to their skill as navigators, and the superiority of their craft, the Phoenicians were exceptional craftsmen and created the first alphabet.

In the ninth century BC, the Assyrians appeared, ending the monopoly of the Phoenician Mediterranean trade. Subsequently took over the Babylonians, who in turn were conquered by the Persians (viewed as liberators by the Phoenicians). The decline of the Phoenician people were consummated in the fourth century BC after the invasion of the Middle East by Alexander the Great, then began a Hellenization Fenicia spontaneously. In the year 64 BC, Pompey the Great conquered the territory that become part of the Roman province of Syria. Under the mandate of Herod the Great, Beirut became an important focus, and spectacular temples were built at Baalbek.

As the Roman Empire disintegrated, and Christianity is rooted, in the fourth century AD, Lebanon was under the Byzantine domination, with its capital in Constantinople (now Istanbul). The imposition of orthodox Christian belief was not well accepted, so the arrival of the Muslims to preach the word of Allah did not meet with resistance in Lebanon.

The Umayyads, the first great Muslim dynasty, ruled Lebanon for about a century, despite the opposition of Jews and Lebanese Christians, especially the Syrian Maronite sect who took refuge in the vicinity of Mount Lebanon. In the year 750, the Umayyads were defeated by the Abbasid, and Lebanon became a forgotten corner of the Abbasid Empire of Persian influence. His government remained until the eleventh century, when he was overthrown by the Fatimid dynasty which, in turn, hardly remained in power until the lifting of the Crusaders. While his goal is focused on Jerusalem, the Crusaders moved to Syria and the Lebanese coast, where he came into contact with the Maronites before attacking the Holy City.

Muslims Ayubi dynasty controlled the territories of Syria, Egypt, western Arabia and several parts of Yemen until the end of the thirteenth century, was overthrown by the Mamluks, a group of mercenary slaves who ruled Lebanon for about three years. Disappeared with the emergence of the Ottoman Empire, tribal leaders and the emirs Tanukhid-Lebanese (Druze) of central Lebanon and the Maronites, formed alliances with various local factions opposing.

The Ottoman Sultan Selim I conquered Lebanon in 1516-1517, but the Ottoman power was temporarily undermined by the Emir of the Druze Fajr al-Din II (1586-1635). In addition to ambitious al-Din was very shrewd and politically astute, which allowed him to unify for the first time in history, the area which is now known as Lebanon. After the execution of the emir by those who had supported, came to power to his nephew Ahmad Maan, although it was not so clever, the Ottoman Empire was rewarded for his work with an emirate. At death, the government passed into the hands of the Shihab family, who reigned until 1840, when the fighting ended the era of the emirs.

In 1842, the Ottomans divided the area of Mount Lebanon into two administrative regions: one Maronite and one Druze. The dispute occurred between two groups at once, this conflict had already been planned and promoted by the Ottomans, who implemented a policy of divide and rule. In 1845 had been declared a war between Maronites and Druze, and between peasants and their feudal lords. Pressure from Europe, the Ottomans united the Lebanese government under the command of an Ottoman Christian governor and as a result, the feudal system was abolished. Followed by a period of stability and economic prosperity, ending with the outbreak of World War I, when, under the Turkish military, Lebanon suffered a ferocious hunger. In 1922, after the victory of the Allies, the League of Nations to France confirmed the exercise of its mandate on Lebanese territory.

In 1944 became effective independence of Lebanon, becoming an important center of commerce. But there was one major problem: the power remained in the hands of the conservative Christian population, and Muslims (almost half the population) were excluded from the government. This situation should be added the large number of displaced Palestinians to the land. In 1975, it was civil war among Palestinians, coupled with the Lebanese left and the phalanges, which were supported by various Christian organizations. Throughout the sixteen years that followed, complex civil and international conflicts, with some reaching high-profile kidnappings, became routine.

This complex period was summarized in the following areas: responding to a request from the president of Lebanon, Syria intervened in 1976 to force an uneasy peace between Muslims and Christians, to support Phalangist and its allies in March 1978 the Israeli army invaded the southern Lebanese territory and established a militia to protect northern Israel from the Organization for the Liberation of Palestine (PLO), the security council of the UN demanded the withdrawal of Israeli forces and created an interim United Nations Lebanon (UNIFIL) to quell the internal strife between Christians and Muslims. In 1982, Israel besieged Beirut with the stated purpose of eradicating the PLO, and it supported the Christian militias in the killing of Palestinian civilians. Following an agreement between American, Lebanese and Israeli, U.S. forces evacuated the Syrian-Palestinian, and deployed a multinational force for Taxation, composed of Americans, French, British and Italians. Following an agreement libanoisraelí (May 1983) that established the conditions for withdrawal of the Israelis, clashes between Druze, backed by Syria, and phalanges, and between units of the Lebanese Army and Druze and Shiite militias. The MNF suffered heavy casualties and withdrew in early 1984.

Gradually, the Syrians achieved a hegemonic position in the Muslim areas of Lebanon, until in 1988 the new government tried to expel Lebanese military. The attempt failed and fighting continued until the arrival of Elias Hrawi (November 1989), moderate Maronite Christian in good relations with Syria. In 1992, the foreign hostages were released, and Syrian troops began their withdrawal. In August 1992, for the first time in twenty years, parliamentary elections were called, and the pro-Iranian fundamentalist Muslim party Hezbollah obtained the largest number of seats. Rafiq al-Hariri became prime minister.

The clashes between Shiite militia Hezbollah and Israeli soldiers continued until 1993, culminating in Operation Grapes of Wrath, which was the Israeli bombing of eighty people of southern Lebanon. The conflict erupted again in 1996 when Israel launched new air strikes on southern Lebanon and Beirut. International public opinion condemned the Israeli action and the UN swiftly negotiated a cease-fire. These protracted armed conflicts have claimed some 150,000 lives have been ruined Lebanese and the country. At present, the infrastructure of Lebanon is recovering at a good pace as the economy makes it more slowly. His big problem is to continue at the mercy of circumstances and situations in the Middle East beyond their control. In recent decades, many forces in conflict in the area (both the PLO and Syrian, Iranian, Israeli and UN) have used the territory of Lebanon as a battlefield for their own causes.

In 1999, the newly elected Israeli prime minister, Ehud Barak, pledged his country's withdrawal from the security zone in southern Lebanon, where Israeli troops and Hizbollah militia remained conflicting. Barak kept his speech in May 2000, despite the concerns of the Israeli occupation by Syria of the Golan Heights. When the Israeli Army began evacuating the area, Hezbollah was introduced quickly, forcing the Israeli soldiers in a chaotic withdrawal under fire, while the Lebanese civilians throwing stones and bottles. Once the smoke had dissipated, Hezbollah engineers worked to restore electricity and water, without which the Lebanese civilians had lived for much of the occupation. Although it is hoped that the tensions between Lebanon and Israel will be cool, it's likely to remain unstable at the border for some time

Lebanon culture and people

Lebanon offers a variety of art, both traditional and contemporary. The Dabke a vigorous folk dance is the national dance. The classical belly dancing, which represents the passage of a virginal girlfriend sensual woman, still plays a prominent role at the wedding, and is also common in nightclubs. Arabic folk music is based on discordant melodies and complex rhythms, often accompanied by an intricate overlapping edges. Among the instruments used are the oud, stringed instrument shaped pear, table, clay percussion instrument, wood or metal and leather, the nay, a kind of bagpipe with a single open tube that produces an exquisite sound and great softness and the Qanun, a trapezoidal plane with a minimum of 81 strings.

Prose and poetry have always enjoyed a prominent place in Lebanese culture. A widespread form of poetry is the zajal, witty dialogue in which a group of poets improvise verses incorporating them into songs. Lebanese literary figure is the most famous nineteenth century poet Khalil Gibran, who explored the Christian mysticism in his work. Among contemporary writers emphasize Amin Maalouf, Emily Nasrallah, and Hanan Al-Shaykh.

Approximately 60% of Lebanon's population professes Islam, and the remaining 40% practice Christianity. Chiismo variant is the most faithful Muslim, followed by sunnismo and Druze. The latter appear as one of the most interesting religious phenomena of the Middle East. While its origin is rooted in Islam, his orthodoxy differs from that form of this religion, which often is considered an independent doctrine. The Druze believe in reincarnation of God in different men from different eras, the last of them was al-Hakim, the sixth Fatimid Caliph of Egypt, who died in 1021 AD Besides accepting reincarnation also believe in the existence of a predetermined number of souls. Members of this religion is to meet Thursday evening in discreet places to pray, do not allow assistance to those outside the sect. The Christian community with the largest number of adherents is the Maronite Church, followed by the Greek Orthodox, Greek Catholic, Syrian Catholic, the Chaldean, Protestant and Orthodox.

Despite having two official languages, Arabic and French, is the first predominant, and English is used more in the financial and business district. The Arabs attached great importance to good manners is usually preceded witness any exchange of a long greeting, questions about the health of others and a host of attentions. Although its status Ajnabi (foreigner) is not expected that the traveler knows what is good or entry frowned upon, it will show respect for those who try to use the correct term at the right time. In fact, any effort made by the traveler to communicate in Arabic with the Lebanese will be appreciated. Even if your pronunciation is appalling, it is safest to respond: "How well do you speak Arabic."

Lebanese cuisine is a pleasure in very easy reach. With fresh ingredients and tasty, with fine spices, the Lebanese have adapted the best of Arabic and Turkish cuisine seasoned with a touch of French. A typical meal includes some Mezze or incoming, as Empanadilla spinach, sauce, cheese, pizza and stuffed grape leaves. Remains a main dish of meat (usually lamb) or fish, often stuffed with rice, nuts, accompanied by a salad or tabouleh style fattoush. The national dish, kibbeh, consists of a mixture of minced lamb and bulgur wheat, and can be eaten raw, baked or fried. The finishing touch is provided by a portion of Melosa baklava and other desserts made from flour and nuts.

Arabic coffee is a drink very much appreciated by the people. Among the highlights jellab refreshments, a delicious drink prepared with raisins and served with pine nuts, and ayran, a yogurt drink. Alcoholic beverages are inexpensive and easy to get. The most popular, arak, is mixed with water and ice ...

Lebanon Map

travel to Ivory Coast

Travel Tour to Ivory Coast
Ivory Coast travel Tourism culture and History tour


The main advantage of Ivory Coast is its people, and is the nation that must visit all those interested in history, the music or the art of Africa. The country offers travelers beautiful scenery such as mountains around Man, a fascinating region Senoufo along Korhogo, Comoé National Park (the largest in West Africa) and the remote fishing villages and beaches of Sassandra . These sites are accessible to visitors through a network of roads is among the best in the continent.

best time to travel Ivory Coast

In February, celebrate the Fêtes des Masques (festival of the masks) in the towns scattered across the region of Man Another festival highlight is the Festival Dipri organized in mid-April in Gomon, 100 km northwest of Abidjan, and in which all the villagers strongly exorcise their homes against evil. The time of year to visit the country with peace of mind cover from November to February, but fans will get the picture much more attractive image for the rainy season between May and October. The tourist season usually extends from December to March and to a lesser extent, during the months of November and April.

Ivory Coast Holidays and festival

One of the most famous festivities Ivory Coast is the Fête des Masques (Festival of Masks), which is celebrated in the villages of Man every February. Another major event is the carnival in Bouaké in March. When visiting the country in April, is essential in Dipri Fête du Gomon. This festival starts at midnight, when women and naked children quietly leave their huts at night and perform rituals to exorcise the curse of all people. Before sunrise the chief appears, echo the drums and the locals are in a state of trance. The frenzy continues until late afternoon the next day. The major Muslim holiday, Ramadan, develops over a month (around December) when the population between the fast rising and setting sun, fulfilling the fourth pillar of Islam. Ramadan ends with a big celebration, the Eid al-Fitr, where everyone gathered to pray, to visit their friends, and supercharged gift. The National Day is commemorated on December 7

Ivory Coast attraction and places

Abidjan

Abidjan, a large metropolis, glamorous and undermined by crime, lack of interest until 1951, when the French completed the construction of the canal Vridi, linking Abidjan's lagoon with the ocean. The city has since then a great port and its population has grown to reach nearly three million inhabitants, divided into four peninsulas around the lagoon.

Known as the Paris of West Africa, many French live in Abidjan, but also attracts many Africans from neighboring countries, it has become the most cosmopolitan city in the region. Many travelers know their only wealthier neighborhoods, especially Le Plateau, the central point of full commercial skyscraper, and Cocody, elegant residential area where the hotel recognized Ivoire. Poorest districts, as Treichville, Marcory and Adam, are much more interesting. Le Plateau United by two bridges, the neighborhood of Treichville the majority of clubs.

The Hotel Ivoire, West Africa's most famous, is also one of the main attractions. Is proud to possess it all: swimming pool, ice rink, bowling, cinema, casino and even a major art gallery in the basement. Abidjan's modern museum, the cathedral of St Paul, only surpassed by one in the capital, Yamoussoukro, justifies visiting the sights you can see from the top of its bell tower. It was designed by an Italian architect and consecrated by the Pope in 1985.

In the far north-west is the Parc du Banco, a rainforest reserve with its freshness lends itself to walking. A few hundred meters from the entrance on the dirt road is the outdoor laundry largest Africa: an unforgettable spectacle in which hundreds of fanicos (sandpipers) meet in the middle of a stream to make casting. Daily, vigorously rubbing the clothes on huge stones covered by old tires, and spread on the rocks and grass along a half kilometer. Never be confused or wrong garments each.

We must not forget that from the end of the 1980s, Abidjan has a reputation of having the highest crime rate in West Africa, and no part of town is considered sufficiently safe to walk alone at night.
Yamoussoukro

Yamoussoukro became the capital in 1983. Since the 1960s, President Houphouët-Boigny spent in his home town, and turned it into a strange city. It has eight lanes of highway, the desert and lined with more than ten thousand lamps, and avenues that end in the jungle. Most houses were replaced by traditional African structures cement themselves to the middle class. But simultaneously there is no other city of its kind in the entire continent, and its center is much more aggressive at night than would be assumed by his appearance impersonal.

The stunning centerpiece of the city is the Basilica of Notre Dame de la Paix, an almost exact replica of St. Peter in Rome. Built in just three years, stands as the highest of any church, Christianity, probably something illogical in a country with few practicing Catholics. Apart from its shape and size, you will remember everything about the 36 huge stained glass made by hand in France. The $ 300 million cost equivalent to half the national budget deficit.

Yamoussoukro is located about 200 km northwest of Abidjan. Is very well connected to the rest of the country thanks to its central location. Buses are often the best means of transportation, faster and cheaper, to get there and move around the city.
Taï National Park

This National Park is one of the last areas of virgin rainforest in West Africa, with trees that reach 50 m in height, enormous trunks and roots. Primeval forest walk is a great experience: the towering trees, hanging vines, fast-running streams and wildlife habitat that has been combined to create a calm and charming. Researchers have spent decades studying chimpanzees in the park and have discovered that they have developed ingenious ways to hunt monkeys.

The park stands out for the frequent rains and humidity, the best time to visit is from December to February, the dry season. Taï to enter is strictly necessary to require a permit issued by the Ministry of Water and Forests in Abidjan. It is also complicated to get there. The best way is to take a bus, followed by a local taxi and a minibus from the end of Man (450 km northwest of Abidjan) and San Pedro (280 km west of Abidjan) Guiglo to follow in the direction of the population Tai hitchhiking and cover the remaining 30 km to the center's research park.
Man

Man of the region, which covers the central and western Ivory Coast, is formed by a succession of hills covered by lush vegetation that stretch to the horizon. It is primarily known for its excellent market (Man City), masks the characteristics of each people and the dancers Yacub acting on stilts during the annual Fête des Masques (Festival of Masks). The populations of the region of Man have many masks they use to represent their rituals.
The City of Man only has a daily market as a main attraction, but it is a good base for exploring the region, especially the Cascade, a very popular waterfall in a forest of bamboo and 5 km west of the city. The valley of Mount Tonkoui, the second highest peak of Ivory Coast, is located 15 km north of Cascade. From its summit you can see the territory of Liberia and Guinea. Walkers will also appreciate the steep mountain-shaped teeth of the dent of Man (Man of the tooth), the guardian angel of the region. Another element of the constituent peoples: a bypass road 275 km north of Man to visit Biankouma, Gouéssésso, and Sipitou Danané.
Man is about 450 km northwest of Abidjan. Air Ivoire has a service to Abidjan Man twice a week. Various bus companies and taxis cover the long ride several times a day

Sassandra

Sassandra, known for its magnificent beaches, has as its main point of attraction with a fishing population of ethnic fanti with a very active port and an attractive river to explore. Travelers willing to try the highly recommended Bangui (palm wine), can be found in large quantities. This enclave in the past acted as an important commercial center, but its activity declined with the construction of the neighboring port of San Pedro.
The beaches are located west of Sassandra, along a dirt road. The first, with strong waves, called Plage Le Bivouac, can be reached on foot from the people, for others, it is necessary to take a taxi or hitchhiking. The most recognized is the peaceful Poly-Plage and the tiny fishing village fanti. Sassandra is located 210 km west of Abidjan. There are daily bus services to return.
Korhogo

Korhogo, capital of senufu, was built in the thirteenth century. The senufu are famous for their carved wood, but also for his skills in blacksmithing and pottery. Most of the wood sculptors live and work in the small neighborhood Quartier des Sculptures. Its bustling market is at the center of the city.
The associations have senufu secret Poro divided by religion, for children, and worship Sakrobundi, for girls, which are initiated through to adulthood. The target group is to preserve traditions, tribal customs to teach and inculcate self through rigorous testing. Youth education is divided into three periods of seven years, after which held an initiation ceremony, with circumcision, isolation, training and use of masks. Each community has a sacred forest where the training, and do not ever allow the uninitiated to witness the tests. Certain ceremonies are conducted in the population and are not forbidden to visitors, as the men panthère dance (the dance of the panther men), which happens when the boys return from a training session in the woods.
Korhogo is located over 500 km north of Abidjan. Air Ivoire offers regular flights between the two populations during the weekends. Buses runs Korhogo Abidjan-made half a dozen trips a day. In Korhogo also can rent a car to explore the region.
As National Park

As the reserve of wildlife largest West Africa, lies at the northeastern tip of Ivory Coast. One of the best known route crosses the river Comoé, where wild animals tend to go for water during the dry season.

Lions are plentiful in the southern part of the reserve, especially in the area called the triangle Kapkin. An estimated one hundred elephants in the park, so the visitor has a high probability of seeing any. Other animals that share this habitat are the green monkey, the hippo, the baboon, the Colobus monkey, water deer, several species of antelope and 21 species of pig. Leopards also live freely in the reserve, but rarely has the good fortune to glimpse one. The reserve is open from December to May.

As is 570 km northeast of Abidjan. There are several entrances to the reserve, the most common are Kafolo north and Kapkin and geese in the South. Buses and taxis tend to use the northern entrance

Ivory Coast activities

The Parc du Bank, Abidjan, is the ideal spot for excursions. You can go trekking through the virgin rainforest in the Taï National Park, located on the southwestern tip of the country. There are good conditions for climbing in the high and steep mountain Tonkoui La Dent de Man, in the region of Man, in the center and west of the country. Coastal areas are more prominent in the west of Abidjan. Grand Lahou has become one of the best parts of the country to enjoy surfing. There are great waves to the west, the Plage Le Bivouac in Sassandra, to swim, it is preferable to the beach adjacent Poly-Plage. Sun lovers to enjoy in Grand Béréby, a fishing village 340 km west of Abidjan, near the border with Liberia

Ivory Coast History

Little is known of Ivory Coast before the arrival of European ships in the decade of 1460. The major ethnic groups came to the country from neighboring areas relatively recently: the kru migrated from Liberia around 1600; the lubi senufu and moved south from Burkina Faso and Mali. And until the eighteenth and nineteenth centuries akan not arrived, including the ethnic group of the trunk and from Ghana to the east of the country, and the Malinké of Guinean origin, who settled in northwestern Ivory Coast . Unlike its neighbor, Ghana, Ivory Coast has not suffered too much the slave trade. European ships carrying goods and slaves preferred enclaves along the coast with the best natural harbors. France was interested in the country in 1840, manipulating the local leaders to secure a monopoly of trade with coastal merchants in France. Subsequently, the Gauls built naval bases to scare away foreign traders and began a systematic conquest of the hinterland, which only ended after a long war in the 1890s against Mandinka forces, mostly from Gambia. Trunks and other ethnic groups in the east of the nation continued to wage a guerrilla war until 1917.

France had one goal: to stimulate the production of raw materials for export. Will soon be planted coffee plantations, cocoa and palm oil along the coast. Ivory Coast was honored for being the only country in western Africa with a sizeable population of foreign settlers in the rest, the French and English residents working in the bureaucracy. Consequently, one third of the cocoa plantations, coffee and bananas in the hands of French citizens and a system of forced labor became the backbone of the economy.

Félix Houphouët-Boigny, the son of a chief Baoule be the instigator of the independence of Ivory Coast. Houphouët-Boigny studied medicine before becoming a thriving cocoa grower and the local chief. In 1944 he began his political career and formed the first agricultural union in the nation, an organization that only defended the interests of African landowners, not farmers. Disturbed by the colonial policy, which benefited the French owners, banded together to recruit immigrant workers for their own farms. Houphouët-Boigny soon became a prominent character, and after one year was elected to the French parliament in Paris. A year later the French abolished forced labor. Over time, Houphouët-Boigny, hungry for power and money, tried to ingratiate itself with the country Gallo, gradually abandoning the more radical of his youth. France accounted for and became the first African to hold a ministerial office in a European government.

When gained independence in 1960, Ivory Coast was the most prosperous French colony in West Africa, contributing over 40% of total exports of the region. When Houphouët-Boigny became the country's first president, his government gave high prices to farmers to stimulate further the performance of their commercial items. Coffee production increased significantly, becoming the world's third largest producer after Brazil and Colombia, the same thing happened with cocoa in 1979, the country was the first producer in the world. He also became the first African nation to export pineapples and palm oil. Among racks, program development, often called the Ivorian miracle had been planned by technicians. Elsewhere in Africa, the processes involve the removal of independentistas Europeans in Ivory Coast, however, came en masse. The French community grew from ten to fifty thousand members, most of them teachers and advisers. For 20 years, the economy maintained an annual growth rate of almost 10%, the highest among African countries exporting oil.

Politically, Houphouët-Boigny in Ivory Coast went hand of steel. There was no free press, and only one political party was tolerated. Houphoët-Boigny was also the largest African producer of shows. It spent millions of dollars to transform their village, Yamoussoukro, in the new capital. In the early 1980s the world recession and drought seriously affected the local economy. Therefore, prompted by improper logging the timber industry and the collapse of sugar prices tripled the country's external debt. The increase in crime came to Abidjan in the European media. The miracle was complete.

In 1990, hundreds of officers began a strike, supported by students, whose violent street protests identified as perpetrators of the economic crisis to corruption and the train of life of senior government officials. The unrest reached levels of unprecedented intensity, weakening the image of Houphouët-Boigny and forcing the government to accept multiparty democracy. The presidential elections of 1990 were the first that had the participation of other political parties, and accordingly Houphouët-Boigny was only 85% of the votes, instead of the customary 99.9%. But the president died in 1993. His successor, Henri Konan-Bédié, was a member of the ethnic Baoule and president of the National Assembly.

In October 1995, Bédié was overwhelmingly reelected to a divided and disorganized opposition. The president increased his control over political life, and jailed hundreds of opponents. The economic outlook, however, appeared to improve, on a decreasing inflation and an attempt to eliminate the debt.

But the unpredictability and volatility of Africa once again become apparent in late 1999. A group of disgruntled general organized a coup and the president went into exile in France Bédié. Led by General Robert Guéï, founded the military COSUR (Oversight Committee for the organization of the referendum). The coup led to a decrease in crime and corruption, and general austerity advocated and promoted a public campaign in favor of a less wasteful society.

In October 2000, held elections in which President Laurent Gbagbo to disputed Robert Guéï but neither peaceful nor democratic. Guei tried to rig the election in his favor, causing a popular uprising, about eighty percent of fatalities and the rapid rise of Gbagbo to power. Alleging that this was a citizen of Burkina Faso, and therefore unqualified for the presidency, the Supreme Court prevented the Muslim opposition leader, Alassane Ouattara to participate in the elections. You will also be closed the doors in the legislative elections of December 12, with a consequent outbreak of violent protests in which his supporters, mainly Muslim north of the country clashed with riot police in the capital, Yamoussoukro. The bloody pre-election violence has shown that ethnic and political tensions in Ivory Coast will not be resolved easily.

Among numerous allegations of coup attempt by the liberal party Union of Republicans of Ouattara, Gbagbo assumed the presidency after the recent elections, the Republican Union had boycotted the result. In an atmosphere of growing hostility towards foreign residents, the situation is far less insecure.

On September 19, 2002, northern troops mutinied and took control of much of the country. The former president Guei was killed at the beginning of the contest. The early ceasefire with the rebels, backed by the full population of the north, mostly Muslim, was short and then resumed the fight in the main coconut producing areas. France sent troops to keep the limits of the ceasefire and militia, including the warlords and fighters from Liberia and Sierra Leone, used the crisis to seize parts of the west.

In January 2003, President Gbagbo and rebel leaders signed agreements for the creation of a 'government of national unity'. It lifted the curfew and the French troops scoured the country's lawless western border. But the central problems remained, and no party achieved its objectives.

Since then, the unity government has proven to be very unstable. In March 2004, 120 people were killed in an opposition march. After it was revealed that the murders were premeditated. Although quotas were sent peacekeepers of the UN, relations between Gbagbo and the opposition continued to deteriorate

Ivory Coast culture and people

The Art of Ivory Coast is among the highlights of the western region of Africa, and every ethnic group in the country has a distinct artistic expression. Particularly famous are the wood carvings of the trunk, hand them (or Yacub) and senufu. In the craft of giving, the most common mask representing a human face, slightly abstract but with realistic features. Another typical expression of this craft is made up of wooden ladles to serve rice are often produced in the form of two human legs that allow them to remain upright. Present on the commemorative ceremonies, Baoule facial masks are very realistic and intended to represent individuals who can be identified by tattoos on their faces or their hair. Senufu masks are characterized by great style: the most famous of these is the helmet-mask spitting fire, a combination of antelope, wild boar verrugoso and hyena.

Although the country has two Catholic cathedrals of the world's monuments, only 12% of the population profess Christianity, and most are Protestants. Nearly one quarter of the population is Muslim, and lives mainly in the North. The vast majority practice traditional religions based on ancestral worship. Believe that the dead are transformed into spirits and remain in constant contact with the living, through various rituals, the living try to gain their goodwill and protection. The practice of magic is also very widespread, and the magic white repels evil spirits. Healers or juju priests dispense charms predict the fate and advice on how to avoid dangers. Also bless grigris, neck amulets that protect specific spells. Specifically, members of ethnic senufu have remained very loyal to their traditional beliefs. Their descendants for many years to learn the history and social customs of his people before being initiated into secret.

The reggae singer Alpha Blondy, world famous, is the best known of Ivory Coast, but his music is not necessarily representative of the country. The traditional style of music consists of melodies and rhythms simultaneously, without one dominating over the others. Historically, this music was considered the exclusive preserve of one social group, the griot (village of artists), using tools made from indigenous materials such as gourds, animal skins and antlers. The most popular and prolific writer of Ivory Coast is Dadie Bernard, whose work has been translated into numerous languages. One of his first novels, CLIMBIAS (1971), is an autobiographical account of a trip to France during his childhood. Aké Loba and Ahmadou Kourouma also highlighted in his literary work.

Homes in villages and urban African-style, continental foods are consumed with the fingers. The most common accompanying the attieke is based on similar to grated cassava couscous, and the visitor can sample a maquis, Restaurant outdoor tables and chairs on the sand. Paradigm of gastronomy, the maquis often serve fish and chicken stews with onions and tomatoes along with attieke or kedjenou, a chicken dish with vegetables and a sauce rather smooth. The crazy, ripe banana in palm oil, seasoned with steamed onions and chile, is one of the tastiest street food, and can be eaten alone or with grilled fish

Ivory Coast Map




travel to Cyprus

Travel to Cyprus

Cyprus Tourism culture and History tour

If it could be to sneak across the Green Line established by the UN and supervised by local security guards and patrols, you may find two countries at the price of one.
Unfortunately, its territory was divided from the island was split in two after the occupation of Turkey in 1974 as a response to the coup d'état during the dictatorship of the Greek colonels, visitors have had to choose between the North and the Turkish experience Greek South. Most prefer the South and as a result, this part of the country has risen exponentially, the infrastructure to accommodate this mass, reducing the quality and reducing the local cuisine and landscape. But with a little effort it is possible to escape the hordes of tourists, and immerse themselves in a drinking culture of Europe, the Middle East and nine thousand years of constant invasion. The castles of the Crusaders stand alongside centenary vineyards, citrus crops surrounding monasteries adorned with frescoes and toes toasty in the sun tour decorated with Roman mosaics.

Cyprus best time to travel

April, May, September and October are the most pleasant months to visit Cyprus. The summer can be very hot and winter, mild, although sometimes it is wet.

Cyprus Holidays and festival

In the South are still basically the Greek festivities. Easter in the Greek Orthodox church is more important that Christmas is the celebration event of the year, and is marked by processions, candles, fireworks and parties. It takes place fifty days after the first Sunday of Lent, the opportunity to enjoy the Carnival. Day laIndependencia of Cyprus is celebrated October 1.
In the North follows the Muslim calendar. The most important of these is Ramadan, a month in which the fast rising and setting of the sun, thus respecting the fourth pillar of Islam. Ramadan ends with a great feast, Id al-Fitr. Proclamation dela Turkish Republic of Northern Cyprus is celebrated on November 15

Cyprus atrraction and places to travel

Nicosia

Located in the center of the island, Nicosia is the only capital of the world that since the fall of Berlin Wall remains divided in two by the green line. A visit to the city can help to understand the problems faced by the island and offers a vision closer to reality in the country that would be obtained on the coast. The old Nicosia, limited by their sixteenth-century Venetian walls, is perhaps the most important enclave of the city, the urban center and the municipal gardens just outside the walls, to the Southwest.
In southern Nicosia Leventis Municipal Museum traces the city's development from prehistory and offers a good overview and is an attractive option and instructive to begin a visit to the population. This is in the museum of culture Hadjigeorgakis Dragoman. While not noted for its exhibits, the building that houses it, a fifteenth-century mansion, is splendid. In contrast, the Byzantine Museum, located in the palace of the Archbishop, has an excellent collection of religious icons and mosaics. In the basement of the museum of the Cathedral of San Juan can be paintings of the eighteenth century, recently restored. At the Western Wall is the port of Famagusta, which in turn was the entrance of the town is beautifully preserved and is now used as a cultural center.
In the Turkish-Cypriot Atatürk stressed the square from where you are the main street that runs north to the well-preserved door Girne. In its vicinity is the Turkish Museum, located in a XVII century monastery and offered a sample of items belonging to the dancers dervishes. The Selimiye Mosque, built in the thirteenth century, is one of the best examples of Gothic architecture in the country. In the Greek-Cypriot is the Buyuk Hamam, the largest Turkish baths in the city, famous the world over.
Most of the accommodation of the Republic, from the cheapest to the most luxurious line the south wall, there is also a youth hostel a little further south. In the same area clusters restaurants near the hostel and has enabled a specialist in natural foods. In the North, most accommodations are located around the Selimiye Mosque, which is also the best place to eat. If it stays in the South but would like to visit the northern third, you can usually get a daily pass. In the opposite direction is not possible to visit one day.

Pafos

In a country full of large department summer tour and too chaotic, Paphos, on the west coast, has retained its identity while at the same time has managed to attract the tourist industry. While the lower part of the city has lost interest in its urban transformation, it has many charms. Among the souvenir shops are located Saranta Kolona, a fortress which was destroyed by an earthquake in the thirteenth century. Are numerous public and private buildings of the Hellenistic era. Tombs of the Kings, 2 km north of the lower part of the city, characterized by their large size and were excavated in the soft rock of the cliff.
The most famous attraction are the mosaics of Paphos, designed as the third century Roman nobility of the land. The first was discovered in 1962 and subsequent excavations have revealed a complex of buildings covering an area of about 300 m². Most of mosaics, considered the most beautiful in this area of the world, are dedicated to Dionysus. Many visitors come on package holidays to Paphos, the city is quite uncomfortable for the independent traveler, which has limited accommodation. In the north of the city can find a more decent accommodation.

Macizo Troodos

The mountains of the Troodos region in the south, are unforgettable. And, unlike the rest of Cyprus is a place where the traveler does not feel besieged by hordes of tourists arrive on package holidays. Popular among skiers, hikers and those that do not bear the heat, Troodos is full of monasteries of the fifteenth century ornamented with frescoes, wine villages and pleasant walking paths. Kikko Monastery in the western part of the massif, is the best known but also the most visited. Built in the twelfth century, has been completely restored and houses a museum of sacred images. Asinou is probably the most beautiful monastery in the area, but access requires a good hike (one must walk south from Nikitari).
Platres, a popular ski resort located in the South, is the main tourist center of the region. One advantage of this site are the many places you have to stay. Pedoulas in the western Troodos, is well known and is home to the church of the Archangel Mihail. It is also one of the best bases for visiting Kykkos. Solea district in the north, is dotted with picturesque villages and monasteries and is ideal for cycling.

Famagusta

The city that once was the richest in the world and Stage Shakespeare's Othello, has lost all its romanticism. The decrepit old city is surrounded by Venetian walls, while the modern area expands beyond. Famagusta, the city's largest Turkish-Cypriot area, sits at the foot of the dark and desolate Karpas peninsula. Very rich during the thirteenth century, ravaged by the Ottoman Empire in the XVI, the old town is now known by the few churches that remained standing. The Cathedral of St. Nicholas, now Lala Mustafa Pasa is a beautiful gothic and a reminder of the magnificent splendor of the city. Despite the fact that successive regimes have been devoted to alter or destroy it, is still an elegant building. Note that the minaret, incongruities, stands in one of the destroyed towers.
Another gem is the tower of Famagusta Othello. According to legend, this is where Cristoforo Moro, governor of Cyprus between 1506 and 1508, killed his wife Desdemona. Another alternative narrative context in the same monument that tells of Francesco Sessa, a soldier of dark complexion, he committed an offense that ended with her unnamable exile. One legend holds that all the riches of the Venetian merchants of Famagusta, abandoned during the Ottoman bombardment, are buried at the foot of the tower. Although none of these stories is true, the castle is worth a visit if only for its magnificent views of the harbor.
Famagusta only offers gastronomic possibilities and hotels (the majority of tourist establishments were in Greek, now deserted) and a large portion of their visitors come on day trips from the coastal areas of the North.

Kyrenia

Located on the north coast, Kyrenia, despite recent development projects have been conducted on their land, can be considered one of the most enjoyable tour of the coastline. The old neighborhood is one of the most beautiful places to visit, but most hotels are in the modern area. If you want something more than a Mediterranean atmosphere and outdoor cafes, you can visit the castle of Kyrenia. Built in Roman times, now you can discover your ultimate Venetian style. The fortress includes a chapel and a museum of Byzantine naval remains where you can contemplate the world's oldest shipwreck and its cargo

Polis and the Akamas Peninsula

On the east coast, the Akamas Peninsula is one of the last areas of untouched natural coastline Cypriot. Its landscape is composed of a mosaic of bare rock and lush vegetation, with a great variety of flora and fauna including some rare species. Poses a great destination for hikers, because Akama has a network of trails that cross. This area includes baths of Aphrodite. According to legend, this is where Aphrodite pretended to be a madona, disguised as a virgin after a night on the town.
Polis is almost the only spot in South Beach that attracts independent travelers. Among the citrus crop and surrounded by spectacular scenery, the city turns into a lovely and relaxed starting point for exploring the surrounding area. It is also a good place to rent a mountain bike, a motorcycle or a car and enjoy the beautiful coastal landscape and relaxed evening.

Kolossi

In the vicinity of Limassol, on the southern tip of the island is Kolossi castle that rises on a landscape of vineyards. It was built by the Knights Hospitallers, who were granted land in 1210, and became his center of operations for years. The British restored the castle in 1933. Near it is a sugar factory, also built by the Hospitallers, in fact, until the British sent slaves to the Caribbean, Cyprus was a major producer of sugar in the world. This area abounds cultivation of citrus fruits, and oranges are among the most juicy part of the country. The best way to reach Kolossi is taking a bus from Limassol.
Salamis

A 9 km north of Famagusta is one of the most important archaeological sites in the country, Salamis, the most important pre-Cypriot city. The Roman amphitheater, fully restored, had a capacity of more than fifteen thousand spectators, and among his remains, it also highlights the gymnasium with marble baths and mosaics. Most are Byzantine and Roman ruins, and are scattered along 8 km. Adjacent to the site is an attractive beach, so it is advisable to take the bathing suit. South of the site are several campsites, and the North, a few luxury hotels

Cyprus Activity's

Cyprus has many natural resources to enjoy water sports. If you want to do windsurfing or sailing, you should write to the peninsulas and capes, where the wind is stronger. There is also at least a diving center in each of the tourist sites. Throughout the island you can go mountain biking and walking with specially marked trails in the hills of the South, the Akamas Peninsula and in the Troodos. Cyprus has a ski resort on the northeast slope of Mount Olympus, but it is not known internationally. Also being built several golf courses, the best known is located in Paphos

Cyprus History

yprus has always been an important commercial link between the empires of Europe, Africa and the Middle East, and throughout history has been desired for its strategic location. Mycenae, Phoenicians, Egyptians, Assyrians and Persians ruled this territory correspondingly. After the brief time of Alexander the Great on the island, in the year 294 BC, Ptolemy established a dynasty to last for about three years, at which Cyprus became a Roman province (58 BC) and remained in relative peace and security in the seventh century, when the Islamic empire began attacks that would last about three centuries. In 1191 Richard the Lionheart captured Cyprus in the third crusade and sold to the Templars. These, in turn, sold the island to Guido de Lusignan (1192), whose heirs kept it for three centuries, this time Christianity was introduced and the feudal system, to the detriment of local culture.

The island was ceded to Venice in 1489, but the expanding Ottoman Empire began its domination in 1570, which lasted three years before handing it to the British Empire. In 1925 he became a British Crown Colony, but then Cypriots and mobilized to defend their self. This agitation was the beginning of the current conflict between Turkey and Greece, many Greek Cypriots wanted union with Greece (Enosis), contrary to the wishes of the Turkish population. By 1950, the Cypriot Orthodox Church and 96 percent of Greek Cypriots claimed enosis. In response, the British drafted a new constitution, accepted by the Turkish population but opposed by the National Organization of Cypriot Fighters (EOKA). But the civil war that took place this group did not result in the expected enosis, but that led to independence and the proclamation of the republic (1960).

The Cypriot state with a Greek president, Archbishop Makarios, and a Turkish vice president, Küçük. In 1964, Makarios while working to strengthen ties with Greece, the domestic violence was increasing. The UN international force sent to stabilize and pacify the situation, but the July 15, 1974 the National Guard carried out a coup, leading to the removal of Makarios. The military junta set up a government that protects enosis, but the July 20 Turkey invaded and occupied the northern third of the island, forcing 180,000 Greek Cypriots to flee their homes. In 1983 Turkish Cypriots proclaimed a separate state, called the Turkish Republic of Northern Cyprus (RTNC) and that only Turkey has recognized.

Despite sporadic peace talks succeeded, Cyprus remains divided. The UN has been decreasing its forces on the island and has increased the presence of small border patrols. The South has acquired missiles capable of reaching the Turkish coast, which has caused relations between the two sides have deteriorated.

The acquisition by the Republic of missiles capable of reaching the Turkish coast has only worsen relations between the two sides. However, both the Republic and Turkey are taking steps to achieve full membership in the European Union, which may force both sides to find a political solution to the conflict. March 2003 was the deadline for both sides to reach an agreement and be reunited sponsored by the UN. When called for a referendum on the plan to both sides of the Green Line in April, the Turkish Cypriots supported it but not the Turkish Cypriots. The island joined the EU in May, but the laws of the Union force in Greek Cyprus

Culture of Cyprus

Cypriot cultural heritage extends over more than nine thousand years, but in its current picture shows the cultural significance of the events since 1974. The north of the island is taking the image of Turkey, the Turkish translating their names and adopt their way of life and culture. The South also seeks to shape their own identity, and many of its sites have also been renamed.

But despite this, the nation is full of ruins that reflect its history. Relics of all ages to extend their influence today's artists: archaeological sites, objects, Mycenae, Greek temples, Roman mosaics, Paleochristian churches, frescoes of the fifteenth century Gothic monuments, the Venetian fortresses, mosques, Turkish ... In many populations, combined these influences with their local tradition, development of artistic forms, such as ceramics, silver and copper, basketry, tapestry and embroidery of the famous Lefkara.

Religion is also divided by the green line, the northerners are mostly Sunni Muslims, and the southern, Greek Orthodox. The cuisine also reflects this division: in the North is mainly offered Turkish food in the southern, Greek. But in every corner of the island can be found kleftiko (baked lamb) and Mezzeh (vegetable pastas, salads and other snacks). Cyprus is also famous for its fruit, which protects the government restricting their importation. Among others, are grown strawberries, melons, pears, citrus and grape

Cyprus Map


Cape Verde Holidays

Cape Verde Islands Travel
Tourism culture and History tour to Cape Verde island


Cape Verde Islands overview

The islands of the archipelago of Cape Verde is characterized by mountainous and barren, almost lunar, and a windswept coast. Its desert landscape shows a great beauty and serenity, and some of the islands have lush vegetation. There are good opportunities to practice scuba diving and hiking and a lot of quiet in which they lost. The Islanders are a melting pot of influences, African, Portuguese, Mediterranean and Latin resulting generated a typically Cape Verdean ethnicity. Organized tourism has gained a foothold, but Cape Verde is still independent and is kept intact

Cape verde best time to travel

The best time to visit Cape Verde covers the months of August to October, when the weather is nice, but the wind is blowing strongly throughout the year, so it is necessary to bring some warm clothes. The cold is the predominant note the rest of the year

Cape Verde Holidays

Cape Verde is organized in one of the most vibrant in Africa carnivals, and has become the main festive event of the country, include street parades in Praia and Mindelo. São Tiago and Fogo celebrated the feast of Tabanka in May and June, while music and abstinence. Each island has its own festival, which lasts about a week

Cape Verde islands attraction

Sao Tiago (San tiago ) Cape Verde Holidays

The archipelago's main island, São Tiago, is home to the capital, Praia, one of the two cities in Cape Verde. Although not considered the most beautiful (this distinction is Mindelo), is a pleasant site, with its center perched on a rocky plateau known as silver. The town is surrounded by a more modern area which extends in three directions. The two beaches of the city, Sea and Beach Quebra-Canela is located west of the Sao Tiago downtown area.
Cidade Velha (Old City), the first town on the island built by the Portuguese, is located about 10 km west of Praia. You can reach it from the capital and spend half a day. The actual ascent to the fort of São Felipe, offering fantastic views of Cidade Velha. About 20 km from Praia, inland lies the town of Sao Domingos, located in the agricultural valley closer to the city and has a number of craft shops. At the northern tip of São Tiago is situated the second largest population of the island, Tarrafal, famous for its beaches. To get to it there is a bus from Praia.

Sal
- Cape Verde Holidays

salThis flat, desert island, where is the international airport, is one of the favorite destinations of the trips organized for Europeans who want to enjoy the tropics without mixing with the locals. The town of Santa Maria provides accommodation for tourist groups, is 18 km from Espargos, the most important town of the island. Those traveling on their own should contact Espargos, where it is easy to find a Pensão  (board) or a restaurant. There are daily flights between Sal and Praia, and it about twice a week leaving Salt passenger vessels that connect the two islands.

Sao Vicente (saint Vicente )
- Cape Verde Holidays

São Vicente is the second largest island of Cape Verde. Hosts the mostSão Vicente vibrant city in the country, Mindelo. It is likely that the vessels that pass through its port, the larger of the archipelago, influencing the enormous energy that holds the city. There are  plenty of bars and nightclubs, and its offer are the best restaurants in Cape Verde. The quaint colonial houses in most cases consist of two floors with balconies and shutters. Several daily flights linking Praia and Sal, is also covered in a ferry route

Santo Antao - Cape Verde Holidays

North of São Vicente Santo Antão appears, one of the most beautiful islands. Has the largest area of vegetation in the archipelago and is one of the few wooded areas. Inside, undulating and verdant, stresses above the villages of the island is a paradise for hikers. There are three weekly flights between Santo Antão and Mindelo (or São Vicente), city where you can connect with planes that are aimed at Praia. Also a ferry sailing between the island and Mindelo, the trip lasts about an hour in both directions,Brava cabe verde but even in this short stretch of the sea state may appear agitated.

Brava
- Cape Verde Holidays

Brava, west of Fogo and only three hours by ferry, is the smallest of the inhabited islands. Mountainous landscape and offers a sublime and some of the best hiking trails of Cape Verde

Cape Verde activates

The many mountainous islands of Cape Verde provide good opportunities for hiking. One of the best places to do a short walk is located in the leafy hills of the interior of the island of Santo Antão. Between trips to highlight the ascent of the mountain Ribeira Grande, about 10 km south of the city of the same name, on the northeast coast, covering a full-time between the rise and the return). Brava and Sao Vicente also offer some excellent routes

Cape Verde History

Cape Verde's history is marked by three crucial facts: First, the arrival of the Portuguese when the islands were completely uninhabited, and secondly, the increasing fragility of the environment over the centuries, largely due to impact and excessive cultivation, and thirdly, their geographic location, as it is the African country most distant from their continent and closer to America. Not surprisingly, it has been developed according to different parameters for the rest of Africa.
In 1456, when Portuguese sailors first docked in Cape Verde, the islands were not inhabited but abundant vegetation. To contemplate at present, it is surprising to Cape_Verde imagine that once were sufficiently broad to allow the Portuguese to return six years later to São Tiago and founded Ribeira Grande (now Cidade Velha). Immediately brought slaves from the coast of West Africa to undertake the thankless job. The islands became a point of call for slave ships to cover the journey from Europe to America.
Prosperity also led to undesirable effects such as the sacking by the English in 1586 Sir Francis Drake. Cape Verde continued in Portuguese hands and continued to prosper, but in 1747 the islands were the first of the droughts that have affected them since. The situation worsened with deforestation and excessive cultivation, which destroyed the vegetation that provided moisture. Three severe droughts in the eighteenth and nineteenth centuries led to the death by starvation of over one hundred thousand people during this crisis, the Portuguese government only sent help. In the nineteenth century the decline of the lucrative slave trade meant another blow. The splendor of Cape Verde had vanished.
In 1832, Charles Darwin made a stopover in the islands, finding a dry and desert islands. During this period, many Cape Verdeans emigrated to New England, a popular destination because the abundant whales in the waters near Cape Verde, and in 1810 whalers from Massachusetts and Rhode Island, United States, they recruited a crew in the islands of Brava and Fogo.
In the late nineteenth century, with the emergence of the transatlantic, the position of the islands, crossed by several sea lanes in the Atlantic, made it an ideal location for resupplying ships fuel (imported coal), water and livestock. However, continued drought and the Portuguese government did not provide any aid. During the first half of the twentieth century, many thousands of people died of hunger.
Despite the abuse they suffered in their city by their lighter skin tone, the Cape Verdeans were easier than other Portuguese possessions. A small minority received education, Cape Verde was the first Portuguese colony with a school of higher education. At the time of independence, fourth of the population, compared to 5% in Portuguese Guinea (now Guinea-Bissau), was literate.
Education provided the knowledge of the struggles for emancipation on the continent and Cape Verdeans began a movement for independence with the natives of Guinea-Bissau. The Portuguese dictator Salazar was not prepared to lose their colonies, and that since the early sixties, the people of Cape Verde and Guinea-Bissau fought in one of the longest wars of liberation in Africa.
In 1975 Cape Verde became independent from Portugal. However, the drought continued, one of which was to last almost twenty years. Although in the second half of the eighties enjoyed a more benign climate and produced two crops a year, and lasts a long drought in the nineties necessitated the urgent dispatch of food from outside. In 1991 the first elections were held multiparditistas; For the newly formed Movement for Democracy (MPD) achieved 70% of the votes and formed a new government under the leadership of Prime Minister Carlos Veiga and António Monteiro as president. Both were re-elected a year later in the first sponsored elections under the new constitution.
In the nineties the slow economic growth caused by drought led to the division of the MPD, and a tránsfuga founded a rival party. However, the MPD was able to once again win the general elections in 1995. In 1997, a very severe drought killed 80% of grain crops on the islands. A year later, Prime Minister Veiga survived a plane crash in which one of his bodyguards died.
In the recent parliamentary elections and elected a new prime minister and president, with a return to the left. The African Party for Independence (PAICV), which had ruled the country, is again in power

Cape Verde Culture

The influences of Portuguese culture are much more obvious that Africa, although this assertion is relativise on São Tiago, which has a large population of African origin. The majority of Cape Verdean Creole is, about a quarter of African descended.
The Portuguese is the official language but also speak Creole, a Portuguese Creole Africanized. Despite its small size, Cape Verde has produced a wealth of literature. The works written prior to independence focused on liberation and, in most cases, were written in Creole. After gaining freedom, the theme was broadened to address the mass migration caused by the Americans (who left Cape Verdeans in America) and racial discrimination. Some writers, such as Dambar Kaoberdiano, continue to use the Creole, others if Onesimo Oliveira, using the Portuguese, the dominant literary language.
Cape Verde has a wide variety of musical styles. One of the most popular is the rhythmic Funana, a dance popular in Praia and other cities. The morna is known as the national song, slow, minor key and melancholy, while the coladeira is a dynamic dance and music festival. The country's best known artist is Cesaria Evora, the barefoot diva, "which interprets the traditional sounds of the islands.
Capeverdean cuisine is mainly based on Portuguese cuisine, but with some local dishes. One of the most unusual and delicious cake is the devil inside with a mixture of fresh tuna, onions and tomatoes wrapped in a dough made with boiled potatoes and corn flour, very fried and served hot. Soups are also popular, one of the most common is the fish soup (fish stock), to which are added vegetables and spices, and thick with cassava flour. Other enlisted specialties such as bananas (bananas wrapped in a fried dough) and the breadth of conservation (a mixture made from sweet mango) are greatly appreciated.
About 80% of the population profess Roman Catholicism. In 1975, the year of independence, the church remained as the major landowner in the country. Land reform has reduced its possessions later, but still holds great power.

Cape Verde islands map